IALA buoyage — all cards

Play this deck →

The IALA Maritime Buoyage System — laterals in both regions, preferred channels, cardinals, and the rest of the family. Original teaching content; system facts verified against IALA/NGA/Trinity House guidance.

Buoyage region

13 cards

Red · any rhythm except Fl(2+1)

Region A. Identify this mark and say how you pass it, entering from sea.

Port-hand lateral, Region A — red, can-shaped (or pillar/spar with a red can topmark). Entering with the conventional direction of buoyage, leave her to PORT. Light, if any: red, any rhythm other than the preferred-channel Fl(2+1).

Green · any rhythm except Fl(2+1)

Region A. Identify this mark and say how you pass it, entering from sea.

Starboard-hand lateral, Region A — green, conical (or pillar/spar with a green cone topmark, point up). Entering from sea, leave her to STARBOARD.

Red · Fl(2+1)

Region A. The channel divides ahead. Identify this mark — which channel is preferred?

Preferred channel to STARBOARD, Region A — red with one green horizontal band, can-shaped, red Fl(2+1). Treat her as a port-hand mark: take the preferred channel by leaving her to PORT.

Green · Fl(2+1)

Region A. The channel divides ahead. Identify this mark — which channel is preferred?

Preferred channel to PORT, Region A — green with one red horizontal band, conical, green Fl(2+1). Treat her as a starboard-hand mark: take the preferred channel by leaving her to STARBOARD.

White · VQ or Q (continuous)

Identify this mark. Where is the safe water?

North cardinal — both cones point UP; black band ABOVE yellow (the cones point at the black). Pass to the NORTH of her. Light: white, continuous VQ or Q — the one that doesn't fit the clock face.

White · VQ(3) 5s or Q(3) 10s

Identify this mark. Where is the safe water?

East cardinal — cones point APART (bases together); black bands above and below yellow. Pass to the EAST of her. Light: white, 3 flashes — 3 o'clock on the clock face.

White · VQ(6)+LFl 10s or Q(6)+LFl 15s

Identify this mark. Where is the safe water?

South cardinal — both cones point DOWN; black band BELOW yellow. Pass to the SOUTH of her. Light: white, 6 flashes + a long flash (the long flash keeps the count unmistakable) — 6 o'clock.

White · VQ(9) 10s or Q(9) 15s

Identify this mark. Where is the safe water?

West cardinal — cones point TOGETHER (a wineglass, W-for-waist); black band between yellow. Pass to the WEST of her. Light: white, 9 flashes — 9 o'clock.

White · Fl(2)

Identify this mark. How do you pass it?

Isolated danger mark — black with red horizontal band(s), TWO black spheres. She stands ON the danger, with navigable water all around — give her a respectful berth on any side. Light: white, group of two flashes (two flashes, two spheres).

White · Iso / Oc / LFl 10s / Morse "A"

Identify this mark. What does it tell you?

Safe water mark — red and white VERTICAL stripes (spherical, or pillar/spar with a single red sphere topmark). Navigable water ALL round — often a landfall or mid-channel mark. Light: white — Iso, Oc, LFl 10s or Morse "A".

Yellow · Fl Y / Fl(4) Y

Identify this mark. What does it tell you?

Special mark — yellow, with a yellow "×" topmark. Marks a feature rather than a danger: spoil grounds, exercise areas, cables, ODAS buoys. Not primarily a navigation mark — consult the chart. Light: yellow, a rhythm not used by the white lights of cardinal, isolated-danger or safe-water marks.

Al Bu/Y · 1 s each

Identify this mark — you will not find it in the older textbooks.

Emergency wreck marking buoy — blue and yellow VERTICAL stripes, yellow upright cross topmark, alternating blue/yellow light (about 1 s each). Deployed on a NEW wreck not yet in the charts and notices; give it a wide berth on all sides until the permanent marking is established.

Red · e.g. Q R

Region A. A pillar buoy, not a can — how do you read her?

Port-hand lateral, Region A (pillar body) — the BODY may be pillar or spar; the red colour and the red can TOPMARK carry the meaning. Leave her to PORT entering from sea.

Card backs quote the Rules — public sector information reproduced under the Open Government Licence v3.0 (source: MSN 1781 — see the Rules reference).

Independent preparatory study aligned to the MCA OOW (Yachts <3000 GT) oral examination syllabus. Not an MCA-approved course and confers no credit toward a Certificate of Competency.