Navigation lights — all cards

Power-driven vessel under 50 m, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: One masthead only is the under-50 cue — a second masthead abaft and higher means 50 m or more (Rule 23(a)(ii)).

Power-driven vessel under 50 m, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: One masthead only is the under-50 cue — a second masthead abaft and higher means 50 m or more (Rule 23(a)(ii)).

Power-driven vessel under 50 m, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: One masthead only is the under-50 cue — a second masthead abaft and higher means 50 m or more (Rule 23(a)(ii)).

Power-driven vessel under 50 m, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: One masthead only is the under-50 cue — a second masthead abaft and higher means 50 m or more (Rule 23(a)(ii)).

Power-driven vessel of 50 m or more, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: Two white mastheads, the after one higher, is the length cue — do not confuse with a towing vessel, whose two mastheads are in a VERTICAL line (Rule 24(a)(i)).

Power-driven vessel of 50 m or more, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: Two white mastheads, the after one higher, is the length cue — do not confuse with a towing vessel, whose two mastheads are in a VERTICAL line (Rule 24(a)(i)).

Power-driven vessel of 50 m or more, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: Two white mastheads, the after one higher, is the length cue — do not confuse with a towing vessel, whose two mastheads are in a VERTICAL line (Rule 24(a)(i)).

Power-driven vessel of 50 m or more, underway — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 23, Rule 21, Rule 22

Examiner note: Two white mastheads, the after one higher, is the length cue — do not confuse with a towing vessel, whose two mastheads are in a VERTICAL line (Rule 24(a)(i)).

Air-cushion vessel in non-displacement mode — underway, non-displacement mode.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The FLASHING yellow all-round distinguishes her from a towing vessel’s fixed yellow towing light, which shows only from astern (Rule 21(d)).

Air-cushion vessel in non-displacement mode — underway, non-displacement mode.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The FLASHING yellow all-round distinguishes her from a towing vessel’s fixed yellow towing light, which shows only from astern (Rule 21(d)).

Air-cushion vessel in non-displacement mode — underway, non-displacement mode.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The FLASHING yellow all-round distinguishes her from a towing vessel’s fixed yellow towing light, which shows only from astern (Rule 21(d)).

Air-cushion vessel in non-displacement mode — underway, non-displacement mode.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The FLASHING yellow all-round distinguishes her from a towing vessel’s fixed yellow towing light, which shows only from astern (Rule 21(d)).

WIG craft taking off, landing or in flight near the surface — taking off / landing / in flight near the surface.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The high-intensity flashing RED all-round is unique to a WIG craft operating near the surface (Rule 23(c)).

WIG craft taking off, landing or in flight near the surface — taking off / landing / in flight near the surface.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The high-intensity flashing RED all-round is unique to a WIG craft operating near the surface (Rule 23(c)).

WIG craft taking off, landing or in flight near the surface — taking off / landing / in flight near the surface.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The high-intensity flashing RED all-round is unique to a WIG craft operating near the surface (Rule 23(c)).

WIG craft taking off, landing or in flight near the surface — taking off / landing / in flight near the surface.

Governing rules: Rule 23

Examiner note: The high-intensity flashing RED all-round is unique to a WIG craft operating near the surface (Rule 23(c)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow 200 m or less — underway, towing astern (tow ≤ 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Two mastheads in a VERTICAL line (not fore-and-aft) — and from astern the yellow towing light sits above the sternlight (Rule 24(a)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow 200 m or less — underway, towing astern (tow ≤ 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Two mastheads in a VERTICAL line (not fore-and-aft) — and from astern the yellow towing light sits above the sternlight (Rule 24(a)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow 200 m or less — underway, towing astern (tow ≤ 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Two mastheads in a VERTICAL line (not fore-and-aft) — and from astern the yellow towing light sits above the sternlight (Rule 24(a)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow 200 m or less — underway, towing astern (tow ≤ 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Two mastheads in a VERTICAL line (not fore-and-aft) — and from astern the yellow towing light sits above the sternlight (Rule 24(a)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow over 200 m — underway, towing astern (tow > 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: THREE mastheads in a vertical line means the tow exceeds 200 m — by day she and her tow each carry a diamond (Rule 24(a)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow over 200 m — underway, towing astern (tow > 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: THREE mastheads in a vertical line means the tow exceeds 200 m — by day she and her tow each carry a diamond (Rule 24(a)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow over 200 m — underway, towing astern (tow > 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: THREE mastheads in a vertical line means the tow exceeds 200 m — by day she and her tow each carry a diamond (Rule 24(a)).

Power-driven vessel towing, length of tow over 200 m — underway, towing astern (tow > 200 m).

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: THREE mastheads in a vertical line means the tow exceeds 200 m — by day she and her tow each carry a diamond (Rule 24(a)).

Vessel or object being towed — being towed.

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Sidelights and sternlight only — the same night fit as a sailing vessel; the towing vessel’s lights ahead of her are the giveaway (Rule 24(e), Rule 25(a)).

Vessel or object being towed — being towed.

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Sidelights and sternlight only — the same night fit as a sailing vessel; the towing vessel’s lights ahead of her are the giveaway (Rule 24(e), Rule 25(a)).

Vessel or object being towed — being towed.

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Sidelights and sternlight only — the same night fit as a sailing vessel; the towing vessel’s lights ahead of her are the giveaway (Rule 24(e), Rule 25(a)).

Vessel or object being towed — being towed.

Governing rules: Rule 24

Examiner note: Sidelights and sternlight only — the same night fit as a sailing vessel; the towing vessel’s lights ahead of her are the giveaway (Rule 24(e), Rule 25(a)).

Sailing vessel underway — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: No masthead light — a power-driven vessel of any size would show one. Her lights match a vessel being towed, so look for a tug (Rule 25(a)).

Sailing vessel underway — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: No masthead light — a power-driven vessel of any size would show one. Her lights match a vessel being towed, so look for a tug (Rule 25(a)).

Sailing vessel underway — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: No masthead light — a power-driven vessel of any size would show one. Her lights match a vessel being towed, so look for a tug (Rule 25(a)).

Sailing vessel underway — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: No masthead light — a power-driven vessel of any size would show one. Her lights match a vessel being towed, so look for a tug (Rule 25(a)).

Sailing vessel underway showing the optional red over green — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: Red over GREEN at the masthead is the optional sailing signal — red over WHITE is a fishing vessel, WHITE over red a pilot vessel (Rules 25(c), 26(c), 29(a)).

Sailing vessel underway showing the optional red over green — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: Red over GREEN at the masthead is the optional sailing signal — red over WHITE is a fishing vessel, WHITE over red a pilot vessel (Rules 25(c), 26(c), 29(a)).

Sailing vessel underway showing the optional red over green — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: Red over GREEN at the masthead is the optional sailing signal — red over WHITE is a fishing vessel, WHITE over red a pilot vessel (Rules 25(c), 26(c), 29(a)).

Sailing vessel underway showing the optional red over green — underway, under sail.

Governing rules: Rule 25

Examiner note: Red over GREEN at the masthead is the optional sailing signal — red over WHITE is a fishing vessel, WHITE over red a pilot vessel (Rules 25(c), 26(c), 29(a)).

Vessel engaged in trawling under 50 m, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: GREEN over white marks trawling; RED over white is fishing other than trawling (Rule 26(b) vs 26(c)).

Vessel engaged in trawling under 50 m, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: GREEN over white marks trawling; RED over white is fishing other than trawling (Rule 26(b) vs 26(c)).

Vessel engaged in trawling under 50 m, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: GREEN over white marks trawling; RED over white is fishing other than trawling (Rule 26(b) vs 26(c)).

Vessel engaged in trawling under 50 m, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: GREEN over white marks trawling; RED over white is fishing other than trawling (Rule 26(b) vs 26(c)).

Vessel engaged in trawling of 50 m or more, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The masthead light abaft of and higher than the green all-round marks a trawler of 50 m or more (Rule 26(b)(ii)).

Vessel engaged in trawling of 50 m or more, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The masthead light abaft of and higher than the green all-round marks a trawler of 50 m or more (Rule 26(b)(ii)).

Vessel engaged in trawling of 50 m or more, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The masthead light abaft of and higher than the green all-round marks a trawler of 50 m or more (Rule 26(b)(ii)).

Vessel engaged in trawling of 50 m or more, making way — trawling, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The masthead light abaft of and higher than the green all-round marks a trawler of 50 m or more (Rule 26(b)(ii)).

Vessel engaged in trawling, not making way — trawling, stopped.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: No sidelights or sternlight — she is not making way; the green-over-white pair alone still means trawling (Rule 26(b)).

Vessel fishing other than trawling, making way — fishing (not trawling), making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: RED over white marks fishing other than trawling — green over white would be a trawler; white over red a pilot (Rule 26(c) vs 26(b), 29(a)).

Vessel fishing other than trawling, making way — fishing (not trawling), making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: RED over white marks fishing other than trawling — green over white would be a trawler; white over red a pilot (Rule 26(c) vs 26(b), 29(a)).

Vessel fishing other than trawling, making way — fishing (not trawling), making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: RED over white marks fishing other than trawling — green over white would be a trawler; white over red a pilot (Rule 26(c) vs 26(b), 29(a)).

Vessel fishing other than trawling, making way — fishing (not trawling), making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: RED over white marks fishing other than trawling — green over white would be a trawler; white over red a pilot (Rule 26(c) vs 26(b), 29(a)).

Vessel fishing other than trawling, not making way — fishing (not trawling), stopped.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: Red over white with no way on — distinguish from NUC, which shows red over RED (Rule 26(c) vs 27(a)).

Vessel fishing (not trawling) with outlying gear over 150 m, making way — fishing, gear extending > 150 m, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The extra all-round white marks gear extending more than 150 m — shown in the direction of the gear (Rule 26(c)(ii)).

Vessel fishing (not trawling) with outlying gear over 150 m, making way — fishing, gear extending > 150 m, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The extra all-round white marks gear extending more than 150 m — shown in the direction of the gear (Rule 26(c)(ii)).

Vessel fishing (not trawling) with outlying gear over 150 m, making way — fishing, gear extending > 150 m, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The extra all-round white marks gear extending more than 150 m — shown in the direction of the gear (Rule 26(c)(ii)).

Vessel fishing (not trawling) with outlying gear over 150 m, making way — fishing, gear extending > 150 m, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 26

Examiner note: The extra all-round white marks gear extending more than 150 m — shown in the direction of the gear (Rule 26(c)(ii)).

Vessel not under command, not making way — not under command, stopped.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: Red over red — "the skipper’s dead". Distinguish from fishing (red over WHITE) and from RAM (red-WHITE-red) (Rule 27(a) vs 26(c), 27(b)).

Vessel not under command, making way — not under command, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: NUC making way adds sidelights and sternlight but NEVER a masthead light — a masthead with the column means RAM (Rule 27(a)(iii) vs 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel not under command, making way — not under command, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: NUC making way adds sidelights and sternlight but NEVER a masthead light — a masthead with the column means RAM (Rule 27(a)(iii) vs 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel not under command, making way — not under command, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: NUC making way adds sidelights and sternlight but NEVER a masthead light — a masthead with the column means RAM (Rule 27(a)(iii) vs 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel not under command, making way — not under command, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: NUC making way adds sidelights and sternlight but NEVER a masthead light — a masthead with the column means RAM (Rule 27(a)(iii) vs 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, underway, not making way — RAM, underway, not making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: Red-white-red all-rounds — distinguish from NUC (red-red) and from a pilot vessel (white over red) (Rule 27(b)(i)).

Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, making way — RAM, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: Red-white-red PLUS masthead, sidelights and sternlight — the masthead is what NUC never shows (Rule 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, making way — RAM, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: Red-white-red PLUS masthead, sidelights and sternlight — the masthead is what NUC never shows (Rule 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, making way — RAM, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: Red-white-red PLUS masthead, sidelights and sternlight — the masthead is what NUC never shows (Rule 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, making way — RAM, making way.

Governing rules: Rule 27

Examiner note: Red-white-red PLUS masthead, sidelights and sternlight — the masthead is what NUC never shows (Rule 27(b)(iii)).

Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, at anchor — RAM, at anchor.

Governing rules: Rule 27, Rule 30

Examiner note: Red-white-red plus the Rule 30 anchor light — the RAM column keeps showing at anchor (Rule 27(b)(iv)).

Vessel constrained by her draught (50 m or more) — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 28, Rule 23

Examiner note: Three all-round reds with FULL power-driven lights — RAM shows red-white-red; NUC shows no masthead (Rule 28).

Vessel constrained by her draught (50 m or more) — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 28, Rule 23

Examiner note: Three all-round reds with FULL power-driven lights — RAM shows red-white-red; NUC shows no masthead (Rule 28).

Vessel constrained by her draught (50 m or more) — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 28, Rule 23

Examiner note: Three all-round reds with FULL power-driven lights — RAM shows red-white-red; NUC shows no masthead (Rule 28).

Vessel constrained by her draught (50 m or more) — underway.

Governing rules: Rule 28, Rule 23

Examiner note: Three all-round reds with FULL power-driven lights — RAM shows red-white-red; NUC shows no masthead (Rule 28).

Vessel on pilotage duty, underway — on pilotage duty, underway.

Governing rules: Rule 29

Examiner note: WHITE over red at the masthead — "white cap over red coat"; red over white would be a fishing vessel (Rule 29(a) vs 26(c)).

Vessel on pilotage duty, underway — on pilotage duty, underway.

Governing rules: Rule 29

Examiner note: WHITE over red at the masthead — "white cap over red coat"; red over white would be a fishing vessel (Rule 29(a) vs 26(c)).

Vessel on pilotage duty, underway — on pilotage duty, underway.

Governing rules: Rule 29

Examiner note: WHITE over red at the masthead — "white cap over red coat"; red over white would be a fishing vessel (Rule 29(a) vs 26(c)).

Vessel on pilotage duty, underway — on pilotage duty, underway.

Governing rules: Rule 29

Examiner note: WHITE over red at the masthead — "white cap over red coat"; red over white would be a fishing vessel (Rule 29(a) vs 26(c)).

Vessel on pilotage duty, at anchor — on pilotage duty, at anchor.

Governing rules: Rule 29, Rule 30

Examiner note: White over red persists at anchor, plus the anchor light (Rule 29(a)(iii), Rule 30).

Vessel at anchor, under 50 m — at anchor.

Governing rules: Rule 30

Examiner note: A single all-round white — do not confuse with a sternlight, which shows over 135° only (Rule 30(b) vs 21(c)).

Vessel at anchor, 50 m or more — at anchor.

Governing rules: Rule 30

Examiner note: Two all-round whites, the FORE one higher — 50 m or more at anchor (Rule 30(a)).

Vessel aground, under 50 m — aground.

Governing rules: Rule 30

Examiner note: Anchor light plus two all-round reds — anchored + NUC-style reds means AGROUND; three balls by day (Rule 30(d)).

Vessel aground, 50 m or more — aground.

Governing rules: Rule 30

Examiner note: Both anchor lights plus two all-round reds — aground, 50 m or more (Rule 30(d)).