INT-BAR-1.2.2

Structured Tasting: Appearance, Nose and Palate

Teaches the structured tasting method — appearance, nose and palate — and the five structural elements of sweetness, acidity, tannin, alcohol and body used to judge balance and describe wine to guests.

The chief stew pours you three whites blind before service and says, "Which one goes with the ceviche?" Guessing is useless. A structured tasting method turns a vague impression into a set of facts you can act on — and lets you describe a wine to a guest in ten seconds without waffle.

Appearance

Tilt the glass over something white. Assess:

  • Clarity / brightness — a hazy or dull wine may be faulted (or simply unfined and unfiltered — ask).
  • Colour intensity and hue. Whites deepen with age (lemon → gold → amber). Reds lighten and go brick/garnet at the rim.
  • Legs / tears indicate alcohol and sugar. They are not a quality signal. Do not sell them as one.

Nose

Swirl, then a short sniff. You are looking for three things: is it clean or faulted, what family of aromas, and how intense.

Aroma families: primary (from the grape — fruit, floral, herbal), secondary (from winemaking — yeast/bread, butter, oak vanilla, toast), tertiary (from ageing — dried fruit, nuts, leather, mushroom, honey).

Palate — the Five Structural Pillars

This is the part that matters for service, because structure, not fruit, decides pairing and glassware.

Element What you feel Where
Sweetness Sugar Tip of tongue. Dry / off-dry / medium / sweet
Acidity Mouth-watering, tart Sides of tongue. Low → high
Tannin Drying, grippy, furry Gums and teeth. Reds only (from skins/oak)
Alcohol Warmth in the throat Light (<11%) / medium (11–13.9%) / high (14%+)
Body Weight and texture Whole mouth. Light / medium / full

Then flavour intensity, and finish — how many seconds the flavour lingers after you swallow. A long, clean finish is the single most reliable quality marker.

Balance and Quality

A wine is balanced when no single element sticks out: acidity carries sweetness, tannin is matched by fruit, alcohol does not burn. Judge quality on balance, intensity, complexity and finish — not on price or label.

Saying It Out Loud

Give guests two useful sentences, not a lecture:

"It's a dry white with quite high acidity — citrus and green apple, no oak. Very crisp, so it will cut through the ceviche nicely."

Structure first, fruit second, food consequence third.

Onboard Notes

  • Spit, don't swallow. Tasting during service prep is work, not drinking. Have a spittoon or a discreet cup. Being even slightly impaired at the bar is a disciplinary matter on most yachts and is explicitly outside every yacht alcohol policy.
  • Perfume, sunscreen and galley smells wreck your nose. Taste before the deck team starts washing down with detergent.
  • Never describe a wine as "cheap" or "not very good" — even if a guest fishes for it. Describe style, not verdict.
  • This structured method is the foundation of GUEST Units 12/13 (Advanced Wine Appreciation) and of WSET Level 1/2 — the vocabulary you build here transfers directly.

Practice questions

5 questions
recallcore

recall · core

What are the five structural elements you assess on the palate?

recallcore

recall · core

What is tannin, where do you feel it, and which wines have it?

recallcore

recall · core

What do "primary", "secondary" and "tertiary" aromas mean?

scenariostretch

scenario · stretch

You must taste three wines during pre-service prep to choose a pairing. What precautions do you take?

oralstretch

oral · stretch

Describe a wine to a guest in two sentences, leading with structure. Use a crisp unoaked white as your example.

Independent study. xplor is not an IAMI- or PYA-accredited GUEST training provider. This course covers the ground assessed in GUEST Unit 03; it awards no GUEST unit, certificate or Certificate of Competency and does not count toward one.

School