WINE-2-2.2.1

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Pinot Noir

Contrasts Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot in Bordeaux and the New World with Pinot Noir in Burgundy and beyond, including style, structure and service.

The principal wants "a serious red" with the beef. You have a Left Bank Bordeaux, a Napa Cabernet, a Pomerol and a red Burgundy. All four are serious. Only one of them is right for a guest who has spent the last hour saying she finds red wine "too heavy."

Cabernet Sauvignon: structure

Thick-skinned, late-ripening, and the most recognisable red in the world: deep colour, high tannin, high acidity, blackcurrant, and often mint, cedar or green pepper if grown somewhere cool. It needs warmth to ripen fully and it loves oak, which softens the tannin and adds cedar and vanilla.

Merlot: flesh

Earlier-ripening and softer: medium to high tannin but rounder, plummy, chocolatey, fuller-bodied and more approachable young. In cooler sites it stays fresh and red-fruited; in warm sites it becomes rich and jammy.

The Bordeaux principle

Bordeaux almost always blends them, and the split follows the ground:

Left Bank (Médoc, Pauillac, Margaux, Graves) Right Bank (Saint-Émilion, Pomerol)
Dominant grape Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot
Style Firm, structured, blackcurrant and cedar; needs time Plush, rounder, plum and chocolate; drinkable earlier
Serve with Rare beef, lamb, anything grilled Duck, pork, mushroom, softer dishes

Supporting players include Cabernet Franc (leafy, fresh) and Petit Verdot. The point of the blend is balance: Cabernet supplies backbone, Merlot supplies flesh.

Cabernet and Merlot in the New World

Region Style
Napa Valley Rich, ripe, high alcohol, generous oak. The blockbuster Cabernet
Coonawarra, Margaret River (Australia) Cabernet with mint/eucalypt lift and firm structure
Chile (Maipo, Colchagua) Reliable, blackcurrant-driven, excellent value
Tuscany ("Super Tuscan") Cabernet and Merlot, often with Sangiovese, in a Bordeaux idiom

Pinot Noir: the opposite argument

Thin-skinned, difficult, cool-climate: pale colour, low to medium tannin, high acidity, red cherry, raspberry, and with age an earthy, mushroom, forest-floor complexity. It is never a big wine, and that is the point.

Region Style
Burgundy — Côte de Nuits (Gevrey-Chambertin, Vosne-Romanée) The benchmark: red fruit, earth, silk, structure
Burgundy — Côte de Beaune Generally lighter, more delicate
Central Otago / Martinborough (NZ) Ripe, dark cherry, plush
Sonoma Coast, Oregon Fresh, red-fruited, refined
Champagne A principal ingredient — pressed for white or made into rosé

Onboard Notes

  • Pinot Noir is the answer for the guest who "finds red too heavy." It is also the safest red with salmon, tuna and mushroom dishes.
  • Serve Pinot Noir cooler than other reds — around 13–15°C. Warm Pinot tastes flabby.
  • Young Cabernet and young Left Bank Bordeaux benefit from decanting; young Pinot almost never does.
  • If a guest loves Napa Cabernet, they usually want ripeness and oak, not France. Reach for Australia or Chile before Bordeaux.

Practice questions

5 questions
recallcore

recall · core

Contrast Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot as varieties.

recallcore

recall · core

Which grape dominates the Left Bank of Bordeaux, and which the Right Bank, and how does that change the style?

recallcore

recall · core

Describe Pinot Noir and name two key regions.

scenariostretch

scenario · stretch

A guest says she finds red wine too heavy but wants red with her tuna. What do you pour and at what temperature?

oralstretch

oral · stretch

The owner loves Napa Cabernet and asks for something new. Do you reach for Bordeaux? Explain your reasoning aloud.

Independent study. xplor is not a WSET Approved Programme Provider and is not affiliated with WSET. Useful preparation if you are working toward WSET Level 2, but no WSET qualification, examination or certificate is awarded and nothing here counts toward one.

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