INT-WINE-1-2.1.2

Riesling, Chenin Blanc and Viognier

Riesling and Chenin Blanc are high-acid whites made anywhere from bone dry to lusciously sweet, so sweetness must always be checked rather than assumed. Viognier is the low-acid, full-bodied opposite: intensely perfumed with apricot and blossom, yet dry.

The owner's guest is a Riesling drinker — a real one — and she has asked what you have. Riesling is the grape that most rewards a knowledgeable answer and most punishes a guess, because the single most important thing about any given bottle is one the label does not always say plainly: how sweet is it?

Riesling

Widely regarded among the finest white grapes in the world. It is aromatic, extremely high in acidity, almost never oaked, and it ages superbly. Crucially, it is made across the full dry-to-sweet spectrum.

Region Typical style
Mosel, Germany Very cool; low alcohol (often 7.5–9%), delicate, floral, green apple, lime; frequently off-dry to sweet, balanced by piercing acid
Rheingau / Pfalz Fuller; often dry ("trocken")
Alsace, France Usually dry, more body, steely, citrus
Clare & Eden Valley, Australia Bone dry, intense lime and grapefruit, high acid

Riesling's high acidity is what makes even a sweet example taste refreshing rather than cloying — this balance of sugar against acid is the whole trick. With age, Riesling develops a distinctive petrol or kerosene note, which is a mark of maturity, not a fault.

Chenin Blanc

The most versatile white grape there is. High acidity, naturally, and it appears in every possible guise.

  • Loire Valley, France — its heartland.
    • Vouvray — dry through to lusciously sweet; apple, quince, honey, wet wool.
    • Savennières — dry, powerful, age-worthy.
    • Crémant de Loire — sparkling.
  • South Africa — the largest plantings in the world (long known there as Steen). Ranges from simple, fruity and inexpensive to serious, oaked, concentrated bottlings from old vines.

Because Chenin's sweetness varies so widely, the same warning applies as with Riesling: check, do not assume.

Viognier

Low acid, full-bodied, richly aromatic — the opposite pole from Riesling.

  • Condrieu, in the Northern Rhône, is the benchmark: intense apricot, peach, honeysuckle, blossom, oily texture, generous alcohol.
  • Also grown in Languedoc, California and Australia.
  • In Côte-Rôtie a small proportion of Viognier may legally be co-fermented with Syrah, lifting the aromatics of the red.

Viognier is dry despite smelling sweet — a distinction worth making to guests, because the perfumed nose fools people constantly.

Comparison

Grape Acidity Body Sweetness range Aroma
Riesling Very high Light Dry to very sweet Lime, green apple, floral; petrol with age
Chenin Blanc High Light to full Dry to very sweet Apple, quince, honey, wool
Viognier Low Full Nearly always dry Apricot, peach, blossom

Onboard Notes

  • German Riesling labelling is genuinely complex. Do not improvise an explanation of Prädikat terms in front of a guest — describe the wine in the glass instead: "delicately sweet, but very fresh".
  • Viognier's low acid means it fades quickly once open and does not suit long, hot afternoons on deck. Serve it in smaller pours, well chilled.
  • A sweet Riesling or Vouvray is one of the great partners for spicy Asian dishes — remember this when the chef runs a Thai menu.

Practice questions

5 questions
recallcore

recall · core

What are Riesling's defining characteristics, and across what sweetness range is it made?

recallcore

recall · core

Why is Chenin Blanc described as the most versatile white grape? Name its two main homes.

recallcore

recall · core

Describe Viognier's structure and aroma, and name its benchmark appellation.

scenariostretch

scenario · stretch

A guest smells a glass of Condrieu and says he cannot drink it because it is "too sweet". What has happened, and what do you say?

oralstretch

oral · stretch

The owner's guest asks what Riesling you have. German labelling is complex and you are not certain of the Pradikat terms. How do you respond?

Independent study. xplor is not an IAMI- or PYA-accredited GUEST training provider and is not a WSET Approved Programme Provider. This course covers the ground assessed in GUEST Unit 12 (for which WSET Level 1 is a recognised equivalent); it awards no unit, certificate or qualification of any kind.

School